Afghanistan

Afghanistan
Capital:Kabul
Pakistan
Capital:Islamabad
Background
The invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 by the former Soviet Union led to war and the country remained in turmoil long after the withdrawal of Soviet forces in 1989: in 1996 the Taliban seized Kabul and by 1999, the country was almost entirely under Taliban rule. Following the 9/11 attacks in 2001, the U.S. and Britain launched joint military actions against the Taliban, resulting in massive displacement. Contributions in kind for those affected by the war have been provided by various humanitarian agencies, including the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ) and the International Organization for Migration ( IOM ).